White tongue is a fairly common phenomenon in medicine and dentistry. It is characterized by the presence of a whitish coating on the surface of the tongue, usually on the back.
In most cases, it is benign and reversible, although in some circumstances it may be a sign of an underlying condition requiring treatment.
Why does the tongue turn white?
The surface of the tongue is covered with tiny structures called papillae. Food debris, dead cells, and microorganisms can accumulate there. If this material is not removed…
Most common causes of a white tongue:
1. Insufficient oral hygiene
This is the most common cause. Insufficient cleaning promotes the accumulation of bacteria and debris.
Not brushing your tongue, brushing your teeth irregularly and using dental floss inappropriately contribute to insufficient oral hygiene.
2. Dehydration or dry mouth (xerostomia)
Saliva contributes to the natural cleaning of the mouth. When its production decreases, the accumulation of debris is encouraged.
It can be caused by low water intake, taking certain medications, and frequent mouth breathing.
3. Oral candidiasis (tickly rash)
Infection caused by the fungus Candida albicans. It manifests as white patches that can be scratched off.
It is more common in infants and the elderly, immunocompromised individuals, and those taking antibiotics or corticosteroids for a prolonged period.
4. Loaded language
This clinical term describes a tongue covered with a whitish or yellowish coating due to the accumulation of debris.
It is often associated with certain minor digestive disorders, prolonged fasting, fever, or recent illness.
