Causes and Risk Factors
Epidermoid cysts may develop due to:
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- Blocked hair follicles or pores
- Minor skin injuries or trauma
- Chronic skin conditions such as acne
- Certain genetic conditions, including Gardner syndrome
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Although anyone can develop an epidermoid cyst, they are more common in adults, particularly men, than in children.
Symptoms and How Lumps Are Diagnosed
The most common symptom is a small, round lump beneath the skin. Typical features include:
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- Smooth or slightly firm texture
- Skin-colored or pale appearance
- Painless unless infected
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If a cyst becomes infected, symptoms may include:
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- Redness and warmth
- Swelling or tenderness
- Thick, unpleasant-smelling discharge
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Doctors usually diagnose epidermoid cysts through a physical examination. If the diagnosis is unclear or the lump has unusual features, additional tests may be recommended, such as:
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- Ultrasound or MRI to assess size and depth
- Ultrasound or MRI to assess size and depth